Category: Business

The most important business news, explained in a young, easy to understand way. News that affects young career professionals.

  • Commercial importers forced to suspend food and drink imports due to dollar shortage

    Commercial importers forced to suspend food and drink imports due to dollar shortage

    In a significant development impacting the country’s economy, commercial importers in Pakistan have announced their decision to suspend the import of all eatables and beverages starting from June 25. The move comes as a result of the unavailability of dollars, with banks refusing to provide the necessary foreign currency to importers.

    The decision was taken following a comprehensive discussion among members of the Karachi Wholesale Grocers Association, represented by Secretary Farhat Siddique. In a statement issued by the association, it was revealed that all importers have been instructed to inform their indenters not to dispatch any shipments after June 25. Importers will only be responsible for the clearance of goods that have either arrived at the port or are en route. No shipments dispatched after June 25 will be cleared for entry.

    According to Geo, one of the major concerns highlighted by the association is the mounting number of containers stranded at the port due to the lack of foreign currency. Importers are currently facing fines and other charges as a result. The statement further criticised the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) for its failure to provide the much-needed foreign exchange, citing its policies as detrimental to the country’s economy.

    This recent development comes at a time when the coalition government is grappling with a balance of payments crisis and striving to combat soaring inflation, which reached a record high of nearly 38 per cent last month. With foreign exchange reserves barely enough to cover a month’s worth of imports, the situation has prompted restrictions on imports and delays in opening letters of credit, severely impacting various sectors across the country. As a result, none of these sectors have been able to meet the growth targets set for the fiscal year 2022-23.

    The implications of the shortage of dollars and the subsequent halt in food and beverage imports are far-reaching, potentially affecting the availability and affordability of essential commodities for consumers. The government and relevant authorities will need to address the foreign currency shortage promptly and implement measures to stabilise the economy, restore confidence, and mitigate the impact on businesses and consumers alike.

    As the situation unfolds, stakeholders and policymakers will be closely monitoring the developments and seeking viable solutions to tackle the ongoing challenges faced by the country’s economy.

  • Export-quality rice production at risk: Rising theft incidents targeting water pumps, transformers

    Export-quality rice production at risk: Rising theft incidents targeting water pumps, transformers

    Pakistan is currently facing a major threat to its export-quality rice production as a result of extensive theft of high-voltage electric wires, transformers, and water pumps. This theft has left vast stretches of rice-producing land along the Lahore to Sheikhupura Motorway without access to tube-well water, precisely during the critical rice sowing season.

    This alarming situation, which has been verified by both farmers and officials from the Water and Power Development Authority (Wapda), demands immediate attention.

    According to The News, the area most severely affected is near village Warran on the Motorway, where farmers are grappling with the challenges of rewiring their tube-wells and procuring replacements for the stolen equipment required for rice cultivation. The thefts of agricultural-related electrical hardware have been escalating precisely when water is in desperate demand for the rice crops.

    Although the rice-growing season began two weeks ago, many farmers are unable to sow their crops due to the thefts, which have deprived them of crucial equipment necessary for water extraction. Agricultural experts caution that any further delays in rewiring tube-wells and replacing stolen equipment could have severe repercussions for this year’s rice production.

    Regrettably, the motorway police’s lack of cooperation, attributed to resource constraints, has further complicated matters. Despite filing First Information Reports (FIRs) for each incident, no thieves have been apprehended thus far. Some Wapda officials suspect that the stolen wires and accessories are being sold at discounted prices to factories for various manufacturing purposes. Additionally, there are allegations that local politicians may be protecting the thieves, impeding the police’s efforts to apprehend them. These circumstances intensify the urgency surrounding this issue.

    Pakistan’s export-quality rice production is currently under a significant threat due to widespread theft of essential electrical equipment. The unavailability of water for irrigation poses a grave challenge to the entire rice crop, placing immense pressure on farmers. Swift action is imperative to address this issue and prevent further harm to the agricultural sector.

  • Toyota is working on fake manual transmission to add excitement to electric cars

    Toyota is working on fake manual transmission to add excitement to electric cars

    Toyota engineers have taken a unique approach to attract consumers who find electric cars lacking excitement by working on a realistic-feeling fake manual transmission as a potential feature.

    Although a manual transmission in an electric vehicle would serve no functional purpose, it would cater to enthusiasts who enjoy the experience of shifting gears in their conventional gasoline-powered cars.

    Toyota, a brand historically skeptical of electric vehicles, has been planning a more aggressive foray into the sector. Acknowledging the need to appeal to a diverse range of consumers, the development of features such as a fake manual transmission aims to entice individuals who are not captivated by the typical smoothness and simplicity associated with electric vehicles.

    It is worth noting that the majority of gasoline-powered cars sold in the United States today are equipped with automatic transmissions that require no driver input for shifting gears.

    Manual transmissions, which require the driver to operate a clutch pedal and maneuver a gear stick, are often offered as options for performance cars or inexpensive models. However, manual transmissions are more prevalent in other parts of the world, including Europe.

    In the case of Toyota’s innovation, as revealed in a recent patent application filed in the United States in late May, the electric car would not possess an actual multi-speed transmission. Instead, a shifter would be connected to sensors and a central computer programmed to replicate the sensation of driving a car with a manual transmission.

    Since manual transmission cars vary in terms of engines, transmissions, and gear ratios, the central computer would be programmed to emulate a specific type of manual transmission car. In addition to the conventional brake and accelerator pedals, the driver would also have a clutch pedal to complete the simulated experience.

    Furthermore, drivers will have the ability to “downshift” or engage in engine braking. This process involves selecting a lower gear and releasing the clutch pedal without pressing the accelerator, allowing the friction of the unpowered engine to slow the car without the need for brakes.

    Toyota’s virtual manual transmission incorporates programming that enables drivers to experience the sensation of operating it poorly, to a certain extent.

    If the driver fails to provide sufficient acceleration or selects an incorrect gear, the car will simulate the shaking and bucking experienced in a gas-powered vehicle with a manual transmission. However, the car’s computer will limit the intensity of these effects to prevent undue strain on the battery.

    Importantly, if drivers prefer not to use the fake manual transmission, the car will offer two driving modes: a regular electric vehicle mode and the faux-manual mode.

    While some reports suggest the inclusion of fake engine sounds to accompany the shifting and accelerating actions, the patent application does not explicitly mention it. The availability, timing, and target markets for the electric vehicle equipped with the simulated manual transmission remain uncertain at this point.

    Toyota’s innovative endeavor showcases the company’s commitment to diversifying its electric vehicle offerings and catering to a wider range of consumer preferences.

    By blending the familiarity of manual transmissions with the benefits of electric vehicles, Toyota aims to capture the attention of enthusiasts while providing an engaging driving experience in an increasingly electrified automotive landscape.

  • No special treatment: Russia denies exclusive discounts on oil export deal with Pakistan

    No special treatment: Russia denies exclusive discounts on oil export deal with Pakistan

    In a recent statement, Russian Energy Minister Nikolai Shulginov clarified that his country is not providing Pakistan with oil at a special discount. The announcement came during an international economic conference in St Petersburg, where Shulginov confirmed that Russia had begun exporting oil to Pakistan.

    Contrary to earlier reports, the Russian minister emphasised that the oil deliveries to Pakistan were being conducted on standard terms without any exclusive discounts. Citing Russian state media, Voice of America (VoA) reported Shulginov’s remarks, which aimed to dispel speculations about preferential treatment in the oil deal.

    According to Geo, Shulginov further revealed that both countries had agreed to accept Chinese currency as payment, highlighting the importance of conducting transactions in the currencies of friendly nations. However, he denied claims that Pakistan had received any special advantages or discounts within the agreement.

    During the conference, the topic of barter trade between Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, and Russia was also addressed. Pakistan had recently passed a special order allowing barter trade for various commodities, including petroleum, liquefied natural gas (LNG), coal, minerals, metals, wheat, pulses, and other food items.

    Regarding this specific trade arrangement, Minister Shulginov clarified that discussions had taken place, but no final decisions had been reached. In particular, the two countries have yet to establish mutually agreeable prices for the export of liquefied natural gas to Pakistan. Shulginov explained that the current focus was on spot supplies, and since spot gas prices were high at the moment, the negotiations were primarily centered around long-term contracts.

    As Russia commences oil deliveries to Pakistan, both nations are working to ensure fair and transparent trade practices while exploring potential opportunities for collaboration in the energy sector. The recent developments underscore the significance of bilateral cooperation and economic ties between Russia and Pakistan.

    While the exact details of the ongoing negotiations remain undisclosed, Minister Shulginov’s statements emphasise the commitment of both countries to maintaining a level playing field in their trade relations. The international community will be closely monitoring future developments in this energy partnership, particularly as Pakistan continues to diversify its energy sources and explore avenues for economic growth.

    As the discussions progress, it is expected that Russia and Pakistan will strive to reach mutually beneficial agreements that foster stability and prosperity in their bilateral trade relations, creating opportunities for sustained cooperation in the energy sector and beyond.

  • Russian market reopens for Pakistani rice: 15 mills get export approval

    Russian market reopens for Pakistani rice: 15 mills get export approval

    In a significant development for Pakistan’s rice industry, the Department of Plant Protection (DPP) of the Ministry of National Food Security and Research has registered 15 rice establishments for exports to the Russian Federation. This announcement comes as a ray of hope amid a declining trend in rice exports during the outgoing fiscal year.

    The recommendation of these establishments to the Russian Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) follows a thorough technical audit conducted by the DPP. The successful registration has been hailed as a significant achievement by the food ministry, highlighting its potential to boost exports and contribute to the overall economy of the country.

    In the past, Russia had restricted imports of rice from Pakistan due to concerns over pest interception. However, in 2021, the ban was lifted, allowing only four mills that had met the required quality standards to export rice to Russia.

    Recognising the need to capitalise on this opportunity, the DPP, in collaboration with the Rice Exporters Association of Pakistan (REAP), took proactive measures to upgrade 15 additional mills, ensuring compliance with the sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) requirements set by Russia for rice exports.

    With the registration of these establishments, the total number of rice companies eligible to export to Russia has now risen to 19. This development is particularly significant for rice farmers, primarily located in Punjab and Sindh, as they heavily rely on these exports as a primary source of income.

    Beyond the immediate benefits to rice farmers, this achievement sets a positive precedent for Pakistan’s agrarian economy, opening doors to enhance exports in other domains by improving quality standards to meet global market demands. The agreement with Russia acts as a gateway for potential rice exports to international markets.

    Building on this success, efforts are underway to bring more rice processing facilities in line with international standards, with the aim of securing a substantial share in high-end export markets across Asia, Europe, the United States, and Australia.

    The recent decline in Pakistan’s basmati rice exports, which contracted to 541,492 tonnes ($588m) in 11MFY23 from 695,564 tonnes ($632m) in the corresponding period of the previous fiscal year, has underscored the importance of revitalising the sector.

    However, foreign sales of other rice varieties have remained strong, totaling $1.4bn with shipments of 2.964 million tonnes in July-May FY23, albeit slightly lower than the $1.6bn (3.816 million tonnes) recorded during the same period last year.

    As Pakistan’s rice industry finds new avenues for growth, there is renewed optimism among farmers, exporters, and policymakers regarding the sector’s potential to contribute significantly to the country’s economic recovery.

    By tapping into international markets, enhancing quality standards, and diversifying export destinations, Pakistan aims to strengthen its position as a leading player in the global rice trade and capitalise on its status as an agrarian economy.

  • Finance Ministry responds to IMF’s concerns on budget, pledges commitment to programme

    Finance Ministry responds to IMF’s concerns on budget, pledges commitment to programme

    The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has publicly raised reservations regarding Pakistan’s budget, prompting a response from the Finance Ministry. The ministry clarified that the budget is not part of the pending ninth review, which has been delayed since November of last year. However, it emphasised its commitment to finding an amicable solution through ongoing engagement with the IMF.

    In a statement addressing the IMF’s concerns, the ministry highlighted the completion of the ninth review in early February 2023, with all technical issues promptly addressed. The only outstanding matter was external financing, which was resolved after discussions between Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and the IMF managing director.

    The ministry clarified that although the FY24 budget was not part of the ninth review, it shared the budget numbers with the IMF mission in line with the prime minister’s commitment. Continuous engagement with the IMF, including discussions on the budget, is ongoing.

    Addressing the IMF’s concerns about broadening the tax base, the ministry noted the addition of 1,161,000 new taxpayers by the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) over the past 11 months. It emphasised that efforts to expand the tax base will continue, highlighting the introduction of a 0.6 per cent advance adjustable withholding tax on cash withdrawals over Rs50,000 as a significant step.

    The ministry defended the tax exemptions announced in the budget, describing them as catalysts for growth in the real sectors of the economy. It assured that the budget provides targeted subsidies for families with a PMT scorecard of up to 40, not limited to the Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP) beneficiaries.

    Regarding the amnesty measures, the ministry explained that the only change made was to “dollarize” the value of an existing provision in the IT Ordinance. It clarified that this facility has always been available and that the cap of Rs10 million ($100,000 approximately) introduced in FY2016 is being resolved based on the rupee equivalent of $100,000.

    The ministry reiterated its full commitment to the IMF programme and eagerness to at least complete the ninth review. It emphasised the government’s willingness to make difficult decisions and engage with the IMF to find an amicable solution.

  • iPhone manufacturer Foxconn shifts focus to electric cars amidst US-China strained relations

    iPhone manufacturer Foxconn shifts focus to electric cars amidst US-China strained relations

    Taiwanese manufacturer Foxconn, renowned for its production of iPhones, has announced a strategic shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) amidst the strained relations between the United States and China.

    In an interview with the BBC, Chairman Young Liu conveyed the company’s intent to make substantial investments in the EV sector while concurrently diversifying its supply chains away from China.

    Liu acknowledged the importance of peace and stability between the two nations but emphasised the necessity, from a business standpoint, to consider contingency plans for adverse scenarios.

    In response to the prevailing geopolitical tensions, Foxconn has already commenced the relocation of certain production lines from China to alternative locations in Mexico and Vietnam.

    This decision comes as Foxconn finds itself embroiled in a contentious dispute, with Beijing claiming Taiwan as part of China and President Xi Jingping reiterating commitments to “reunification.” Meanwhile, the United States has expressed unequivocal support for Taiwan’s independence, with the looming specter of invasion having cast a shadow over the island nation for years.

    Having originated in 1974 as a manufacturer of television dials, Foxconn has emerged as a global technology powerhouse, amassing revenues of $200 billion. Responsible for over half of Apple’s product output, including iPhones and iMacs, the company also serves an array of esteemed clients such as Microsoft, Dell, and Amazon.

    Foxconn’s unique position as a company that designs products in the United States while predominantly manufacturing them in China has left it navigating a delicate equilibrium between the two global superpowers.

    Chairman Liu articulated his vision of capturing approximately 5 per cent of the global electric vehicle market within the coming years. He outlined plans for establishing Foxconn EV manufacturing facilities in Ohio, United States, as well as in Thailand, Indonesia, and potentially India.

    By pivoting toward electric cars, Foxconn seeks to leverage its technological prowess and industry influence to secure a significant stake in the evolving EV landscape.

  • Finance Minister Dar assures no global sanctions for Russian oil purchase

    Finance Minister Dar assures no global sanctions for Russian oil purchase

    Pakistan’s Finance Minister, Senator Ishaq Dar, has provided reassurances that Pakistan will not be subjected to global sanctions for its purchase of Russian oil. Dar made these remarks during a briefing to the Senate’s Standing Committee on Finance, highlighting that both India and China continue to purchase crude oil from Russia despite existing global sanctions.

    Dar emphasised that significant progress had been made in November of the previous year regarding the procurement of Russian oil, and the government had diligently completed all necessary preparations before proceeding with the purchase. He further explained that Pakistan adhered to an approved procedure established by a committee comprising G7 countries for oil production from Russia.

    Dar acknowledged the instrumental role played by Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari in consulting and obtaining approval from the G7 countries prior to the procurement of Russian oil.

    In terms of payment, the finance minister disclosed that the Chinese currency Yuan would be used for settling the payment for the Russian crude oil. He expressed Russia’s satisfaction with this arrangement, noting that it would not only reduce shipping costs but also lead to a decline in crude oil prices.

    When questioned about border trade with Iran, Dar confirmed that the government intended to enhance such trade but clarified that petroleum products were not included in these border trade activities.

    On Sunday, Pakistan successfully unloaded over 45,000 metric tons of oil from a Russian vessel that arrived at the Karachi port. Another Russian oil carrier is expected to reach the port of Karachi in the coming week.

    It is worth mentioning that earlier this week, the first ship carrying Russian oil had already docked at the Karachi port.

    During a press briefing on June 15, US State Department spokesperson Matthew Miller highlighted that every country has the right to make decisions based on its energy requirements. He further acknowledged that Russian oil was being sold at significantly lower prices compared to global market rates.

    Miller attributed this decrease in price to the limitations imposed by the US and its allies, resulting in Russia losing an estimated $100 billion in revenue that could have been used in the Ukraine conflict. Miller clarified that the US had not imposed any restrictions on Russian oil exports.

  • Moody’s warns of limited loan options for Pakistan without new IMF programme

    Moody’s warns of limited loan options for Pakistan without new IMF programme

    According to a report by Moody’s Investors Service, Pakistan’s ability to secure loans from bilateral and multilateral partners will be severely limited until a new programme is negotiated with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The report suggests that it may only become clear whether Pakistan will join another IMF programme after the elections, which are scheduled to take place by October 2023. Furthermore, even if negotiations for a new IMF programme are successful, they are expected to take some time.

    Moody’s warns that Pakistan is unlikely to access affordable market financing from sources such as Eurobonds or commercial banks in the foreseeable future. In fiscal year 2023, the government did not issue any Eurobonds and fell significantly short of its target by raising only Rs521 billion ($2.8 billion) from commercial banks, compared to the target of Rs1.4 trillion set in the fiscal year 2022-23 budget.

    The report also highlights the high external debt repayment burden for Pakistan in the coming years, with approximately $25 billion of repayments (principal and interest) due in fiscal year 2024. Additionally, Pakistan’s foreign exchange reserves are very low at $3.9 billion as of June 2.

    Moody’s further expresses uncertainty about Pakistan’s external funding prospects for fiscal year 2024 and beyond, noting that it is not guaranteed that Pakistan will secure the $2.4 billion from the IMF as budgeted. The IMF has been in talks with Pakistan regarding the ninth tranche of a $6.5 billion bailout package, with the current programme set to expire at the end of June.

    Regarding debt rescheduling, the report mentions that the government is considering rescheduling bilateral debts but has no plans to approach the Paris Club or multilateral partners for debt rescheduling. Moody’s states that a suspension of debt service obligations only to official creditors is unlikely to have direct rating implications, as it would provide the government with additional fiscal resources for essential expenditures in health, social, and infrastructure sectors.

    Moody’s criticises Pakistan’s newly announced budget for the fiscal year 2023-24, noting that it lacks significant revenue-raising or spending-containment measures to alleviate intense government liquidity pressures. The report suggests that the deficit estimates and growth projections in the budget may be overly optimistic, given the economic stresses faced by the country, including government liquidity and external vulnerability pressures, which have been exacerbated by severe floods in August 2022, expected to impact economic activity throughout fiscal year 2024.

    The budget does provide relief measures for households and businesses, including a reduction in fuel and electricity prices, an increase in the minimum wage, and a one-time cash transfer to low-income households. However, a substantial portion of the increased expenditure is allocated to salaries and pensions for government employees, with total employee-related expenses budgeted at Rs1.2 trillion, compared to an estimated spending of Rs960 billion in fiscal year 2023. The government has also earmarked Rs2.8 trillion for grants and subsidies in fiscal year 2024, compared to an estimated Rs2 trillion in fiscal year 2023.

    Pakistan’s low revenue-to-GDP ratio is identified as a major constraint on the government’s debt affordability and debt burden. The budget aims to achieve tax revenue of Rs9.2 trillion in fiscal year 2024, representing a 28 per cent increase from the estimated Rs7.2 trillion in fiscal year 2023. However, Moody’s sees significant downside risks to this revenue projection, given the lack of significant revenue-raising measures and the current economic context.

  • Honda hasn’t sold a single Civic in three months

    Honda hasn’t sold a single Civic in three months

    Honda Atlas Cars Limited (HACL) has not sold a single Civic in the last three months, Autojournal.pk has reported.

    It is proving to be a difficult year for HACL in production and sales. Due to supply network issues, the company’s productivity had wanted, with increased prices making the car untenable for consumers.

    Honda, one of the biggest car companies of Pakistan, sold just 87 cars last month.

    According to a recent notification, Honda will restart production very soon despite the fact that there are no dates mentioned related to production resumption.